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In 1998 the Nobel Prize for medicine was given to three American pharmacologists for their discovery, that inside the body the  gas nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of a wide variety of vital bodily functions. At the time this was an amazing discovery and their initial work, done in the 1980s resulted in a […]

Caffeine for Sports Performance by Louise Burke, Ben Desbrow and Lawrence Spriet Caffeine for Sports Performance was first published in 2013 and even two years later is the most complete text on the effects of caffeine, offering a good review of all the research that was available at the time. Despite being effectively an extended […]

What are Nootropics Nootropics are smart drugs, supplements or foods that are taken to enhance memory, cognition or intelligence, increase concentration, attention or motivation and to relieve anxiety or stress, with the aim of improving academic performance and results. Although at the simplest level they include herbs, spices, phytochemicals like caffeine and energy drinks, the drugs that being […]

We spend about a third of our lives asleep. Why?….. We used to believe that we slept to save energy during the night, as it was too dark to hunt. In fact the amount of energy saved by sleeping is tiny and recent research shows that far from being in active, sleep actually plays a […]